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Back Pain - Predisposing Factors

Many factors increase the risk of developing back pain.

Some of these factors are important risk factors for the development of persistent back pain.

–Previous back injury- the single best predictor of back pain is a previous injury. Relapses are common after a significant episode of back pain.

–Alcohol and drug abuse- alcohol and illicit drug use have been shown to increase one’s risk for back pain.

–Smoking- studies have shown that smokers are at greater risk of developing back pain than non-smokers. It is thought to be due to reduced oxygen supply to the spinal discs and decreased blood oxygen from the effects of nicotine on constriction of the arteries.

–Level of activity (physical fitness)- the strength and endurance of the back and abdominal muscles have been shown to be related to the development of back pain. Studies have shown that physical fitness and conditioning may prevent back injuries.

–Obesity- studies have shown an increase in back pain in obese individuals.

–Sports and hobbies- such as skiing, gymnastics and contact sports such as football and rugby increase the risk of developing back pain as a result of injury.

–Psychological and social factors- it is increasingly recognised that a wide variety of psychological and social factors can increase the risk of back pain. Research has shown anxiety, depression, job dissatisfaction, mental stress at work can place people at increased risk for developing chronic back pain.

You may also like to look at HSE’s web pages on tackling work related stress and the Management Standards. The management standards give advice on issues like work load and patterns.



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